Geldpolitik der EZB – Ethische Aspekte nicht sichtbar

Eine Beteiligung an der Produktion geächteter Waffen wird der Airbus Group unterstellt, zu der die Airbus Group Finance als von der EZB akzeptierter Wertpapieremittent gehört: „The company is involved in the production of nuclear weapons, which have been restricted by the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. The United Nations regards the way in which these weapons systems operate as inhumane. The deployment of banned weapons can undermine fundamental human rights such as ‚the right to life, liberty and security of person‘, Art. 3, United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Nuclear weapons are considered as particularly controversial because of their indiscriminate effects on civilians and the disproportionate harm they cause.”

Umweltzerstörung ist für die Eni SpA eine Kontroverse, die ein von der EZB akzeptierter Wertpapieremittent ist: “Environmental impacts of the product portfolio: The company’s products and/or services are generally not compatible with the achievement of sustainable development goals. Comment: The company is mainly active in the production and/or refining of crude oil. It also has some minor business activities in the field of products and/or services with clear environmental benefits (e.g. biofuels, renewable energies). However, these positive impacts are outweighed by the negative environmental impacts from the company’s core business activities.” Ebenso wird Royal Dutch Shell PLC, zu der die Shell International Finance BV als von der EZB akzeptierter Wertpapieremittent gehört, Umweltkontroversen unterstellt: “Continual major pollution due to flaring, spills and leaks in Nigeria.”

Verstöße im Geldverkehr bei Wells Fargo & Co als ein von der EZB akzeptierter Wertpapieremittent werden öffentlich diskutiert: “Business Malpractice: 2017: USD 295m in settlements related to unauthorised opening of accounts, US.“  , “According to the US Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) in September 2016, Wells Fargo will pay USD 185 million to settle accusations that between 2011 and 2016 its employees attempted to meet high sales targets set by the company as well as to earn additional compensation by unlawfully opening around 1.5 million unauthorised accounts for customers without their knowledge.”

Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV als ein von der EZB akzeptierter Wertpapieremittent wurde im Zusammenhang mit Vorwürfen zu Korruption öffentlich bekannt: „2016: USD 6m settlement with US Securities and Exchange Commission for corruption charges in India.” Ebenso JPMorgan Chase & Co als ein von der EZB akzeptierter Wertpapieremittent: “In November 2016, JPMorgan Chase reached a settlement with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Department of Justice (DoJ) to resolve the allegations of hiring relatives and friends of Chinese officials in exchange for profitable business deals, thereby violating the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act.”

Hinweise zu möglicher Beteiligung an Menschenrechtsverletzungen finden sich über LafargeHolcim Ltd mit der die Holcim Finance (Luxembg) S.A. als von der EZB akzeptierter Wertpapieremittent verbunden ist: “Media reported in June 2016 that Lafarge (before the merger with Holcim in 2015 to have become LafargeHolcim) made payment deals with the terrorist group Islamic State (IS) in 2013 through till September 2014. As reported, Lafarge was accused of purchasing licenses from and paying taxes to the jihadist group through IS middlemen and oil traders to continue production at its Jalabiya cement factory in 2013, when ISIS started taking control over the city. Allegedly, the headquarter was aware of such arrangements. The company did not comment on the allegations, saying only that safety and security of its employees is its priority.” Kontroversen zu möglichen Menschenrechtsverletzungen werden über die International Finance Corporation als von der EZB akzeptierter Wertpapieremittent diskutiert: “2013: Major human rights violations related to palm oil producer Corporacion Dinant in Honduras.” Ebenso bei Ferrovial SA mit der die Ferrovial Emisiones, S.A. als von der EZB akzeptierter Wertpapieremittent verbunden ist: “In May 2016, Ferrovial took over the Australian company Broadspectrum (previously called Transfield Services). Broadspectrum has been the lead contractor managing Australia’s offshore detention centres for asylum seekers in Nauru since September 2012 and Papua New Guinea since February 2014. In June 2016, the camps hosted 442 and 854 people, respectively. The Australian government’s policy of keeping refugees in foreign detention centres and the conditions in the camps have been widely and repeatedly criticised by the international community, including several bodies of the United Nations, the Australian Human Rights Commission and several NGOs. Additionally, in April 2016, Papua New Guinea’s supreme court ruled that the centre in the country was unlawful and the country’s government said it would shut it. In August 2016, ‚The Nauru Files‘, a report published by the Guardian based on more than 2,000 leaked incidence reports from the camps, again shed light on numerous allegations regarding assaults, sexual abuse, self-harm attempts and bad living conditions. More than half of the reports involved children. Previously, allegations of misconduct had also been raised against some staff members of the service providers in the camp. Before the take-over, Ferrovial had indicated that the services in the detention centres were not a core part of the acquisition rationale and that it would not renew the contracts after they expire in February 2017. In response to the Nauru Files, Broadspectrum stated that it would take all allegations extremely seriously and that it had appropriately dealt with the allegations in accordance with the reporting system it has in place.”